The Principle, Application Range and Lectotype of Telephoto Zoom Lens

An industrial lens is an important component of the machine vision acquisition system. The telephoto zoom lens is a relatively young member of the lens family and is becoming the most kind-hearted star with its unique performance. But also because the telephoto zoom lens is introduced in a relatively short time, many of these characteristics are not widely known. In this paper, we introduce the telephoto zoom lens from the application of the telephoto zoom lens, the selection method, and the application scope. and we give a comprehensive analysis and uncover the secret light experience in the telecentric system.

Part 1: principal description of the telephoto zoom lens

First of all, let's start with a few questions about the telephoto zoom lens. First, the general lens in the imaging process, when the working distance is changed, the image size will change accordingly. The result is the same focal length of the lens corresponding to the different object distances; there will be different magnifications. This phenomenon is similar to the fact, everything looks small in the distance and big on the contrary,  in the human visual system. This problem can be neglected or even exploited in some applications, but this feature can be a major hindrance when our vision system is used to perform precise measurement tasks. Second, the ordinary lens has a certain range of depth of field; when the measured object depth range is out of the lens, the image will become blurred, unable to focus clearly. Therefore, the designers design the focusing ring for a common lens. When the distance changes, it will adjust the focus to see the region of interest. The problem is, if the object is beyond a certain range in itself, the camera has no way to see the end-to-end, so other ways must be adopted to solve this. Third, with the imaging chip resolution improvement, the user requirements on the measurement accuracy are more and more strict.  Subject to the principle of ordinary lens optical imaging, the best lens only reaches about 10um. The field of vision detection needs more accurate imaging products.
Double telephoto zoom lenses are born to solve these problems. For the double telephoto zoom lenses, by placing an aperture stop in the middle position of the optical system, the main light will pass through the center point of the aperture, and the main light will be parallel to the optical axis as to enters the lens. The parallel light to ensure a sufficiently large depth of field, the parallel light from the lens ensures that the working distance is greatly changed in the depth range, but the height of the imaging magnification does not change.

Part 2: Application range of double telephoto zoom lenses

what circumstances should we use telephoto zoom lenses? According to the author's many years of experience in machine vision product selection, he gives readers some reference, that is,  double telephoto zoom lenses suggested to be chosen under the following situations:
1) When the thickness of the detected object is large enough and has more than one plane. needs to be detected, such as food boxes, beverage bottles, etc.
2) When the position of the object to be measured is uncertain, it may be at an angle with the lens.
3) When the object to be detected is jumped up and down, such as the production line vibration, it causes changes in the work distance.
4) When an object is measured with apertures or three-dimensional objects.
5) When the low distortion rate is required, and the image effect luminance is almost identical.
6) When the defects need to be detected in the same direction, only parallel lighting can be detected.
7) When the inspection accuracy is exceeded, such as when the tolerance is 1um.

Part 3: The selection method of a telephoto zoom lens

The selection method telephoto zoom lens is similar to the ordinary optical system in the camera; several points need to be paid attention to as follows:
Compatible CCD target surface dimensions. This is similar to the choice of ordinary lenses, requiring a telephoto zoom lens; a compatible CCD target surface is greater than or equal to the matching camera target surface; otherwise, it will cause a waste of resolution.
Interface type. At present, the telephoto zoom lens provides an interface type similar to the ordinary lens, has C mouth, F mouth, and so on, as long as the matching can be used.
Magnification, or imaging range. When magnification is determined with the CCD target surface, the imaging range is determined, and vice versa.
Operating distance. Generally, after the above three points are determined, the operating distance has been controlled within a range, which is determined by its imaging light path. It is important to pay attention to whether the work distance meets the actual requirement. When the telecentric system is detected, we suggest that the lens be selected first, and other mechanical structures are designed according to the working distance.
Depth of field. With the first few conditions met, the larger the depth of field, the better the optical characteristics of the telecentric system. It can be used as a reference in model selection.